Therapies

Established pharmacotherapies like SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists are key, along with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (like finerenone), statins, and other agents. In advanced stages, this can include surgical interventions like stents or dialysis. Emerging therapies, RNA-based treatments, and AI-driven approaches are also expanding the therapeutic landscape.

Lifestyle modifications and initial therapies Diet and exercise: A heart-healthy diet and regular physical activity are the first line of treatment and are crucial for managing metabolic syndrome. Weight management: Achieving a healthy weight is a primary goal, and medications to decrease appetite or surgical options may be considered in some cases. 

Pharmacological therapies for blood pressure and cholesterol: ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers Statins and PCSK9 inhibitors Aspirin For blood glucose and metabolic health: SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g., empagliflozin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin) GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., liraglutide, semaglutide) Dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists (e.g., tirzepatide) For kidney and heart protection: Nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists like finerenone are a key therapy for patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Sacubitril/valsartan can be used in certain heart failure stages. Beta blockers may be indicated. 

Homeopathic therapies: Raw, whole, and unprocessed foods, combined with elevated levels of key vitamins—including B12, B9, and K2 (been mindful of allergies, sensitivities, and recommended daily values)—can spur recovery of damaged cells and fortify immunity. Additionally, deep, holotropic breathing—deep, focused inhalation followed by rapid exhalation—can imbue you with a rooted sense of balance, coupled with heightened focus. Take three to five minutes—at least twice—daily envisioning yourself in optimal health, and with the energy to pursue your most ambitious dreams.

 

Procedures for advanced stages For cardiovascular disease: Stents to open blocked arteries Heart surgery or other heart procedures For kidney disease: Dialysis Kidney transplant Emerging and innovative therapies Novel agents: Therapies targeting lipoprotein(a), interleukin-6, and hepatic fat are being developed. RNA-based therapies: Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are being used to modulate gene expression related to CKM.

 

Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI is emerging as a tool for risk prediction and personalizing treatment plans. Important considerations Treatment plans are highly personalized and often require input from a team of specialists, including cardiologists, nephrologists, and diabetologists. Early detection and intervention are key to changing the disease's progression. It's crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the right treatment plan based on your specific CKM stage and risk factors.

References

Cleveland Clinic. (2024). Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic-syndrome

Fernando, K., Connolly, D., Darcy, E., Evans, M., Hinchliffe, W., Holmes, P., Strain, W.D. (2025). Advancing cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic medicine: A narrative review of insights and innovations for the future. Diabetes Therapy, 16(6), 1155-1176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-025-01738-3

Iacoviello, M., Gori, M., Grandaliano, G., Roberto, M., Pitocco, D., & Trevisan, R. (2025). A holistic approach to managing cardio-kidney metabolic syndrome: Insights and recommendations from the Italian perspective. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1583702

NHS. Treatment—Chronic kidney disease. (2023). https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-disease/treatment/